Last weekend I went apple picking with my family at Silverman's Farm in Connecticut. We have been going there since I was a kid, when we would all stand by and watch as the apple press squeezed the juice out of freshly-picked apples, and would get to sample the delicious result of apple cider. Unfortunately the apple press has been retired; it is now located inside the market as a symbolic relic from the past. Because of new production standards, the farm no longer offers unpasteurized cider made on the premises, but instead pasteurizes and bottles its cider off site.
The orchards are currently laden with apples ready for picking. Pickers are taken up to the orchards by tractors running nonstop. Everywhere you look there are families with young kids, groups of friends, and those who come every year. The apples are great this year; however, they are ripening faster than usual. Go now before all the apples have fallen off the trees and bring home a bag of apples.
Here is the large bag of apples we bought. Small bags costs $15 and this large bag was $28. You fill the bag up with the apples you pick. The farm does institute a rule: at least two people per small bag.
Silverman's is most popular for its pick-your-own peaches and apples and apple cider, but it is also known for its animal farm petting zoo, florist, and farm market, which sells freshly-baked goods along with already picked fruits. The farm also has a pumpkin patch in October and pre-cut Christmas trees in December. As apple-picking season soon winds down, pumpkin season has just begun. Silverman's offers a great deal for those who guess the weight of a pumpkin: have it for free.
Silverman's Farm
451 Sport Hill Road
Easton, CT 06612
203-261-3306
Open daily, year round, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Gone Apple Picking
September 29, 2008
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Joseph Erdos
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The Chemistry of Chocolate
September 25, 2008
At the recent meeting of the Experimental Cuisine Collective, Stefan Bernhard, assistant professor of chemistry at Princeton University, discussed a topic appreciated by foodie and non-foodie alike: the chemistry of chocolate. Prof. Bernhard was introduced by Kent Kirschenbaum, associate professor of chemistry at NYU and cofounder of the Collective. Bernhard, a specialist in luminescent materials, uses the chemistry of food to get his students interested in chemistry. Using a presentation from his freshman seminar class, Bernhard began by talking about the origins of chocolate depicted in the Princeton vase (ca. 750 A.D.), which shows Mesoamericans using chocolate as a drink, which was the first use for cacao. Only in the very near past has chocolate been made into bars as we know it today.
Growing Region: Origin, Fermentation, and Drying
Bernhard continued his presentation with scientific background on chocolate, known by its scientific name as theobroma cacao, a fruit, which comes in three varieties: criollo, which is very rare; forastero, a hardier type; and trinitario, which is a hybrid of the previous two, commonly grown in the Caribbean. Cacao trees, which grow in the equatorial region, are very vulnerable and require a second tier of forest growth to shade them. This is why cacao trees are common in the tropical regions and rain forests, because they need the climate and protection that only a rain forest can provide. Still they are very susceptible to disease, but the cacao trees are crossbred to improve hardiness.
The cacao pods are harvested, split open, and the pulp and seeds (beans) removed. The pulp and beans are allowed to ferment for many days. After fermentation the beans are laid out in the sun and dried. Unwanted acids are removed in the drying process while unique flavor components are created. Both the processes of fermenting and drying are crucial in the making of good quality beans. The drying process can be difficult because of the moist climate of the rain forest. At all costs the onset of mildew must be avoided. After drying the beans are ready to be shipped north to companies that will manufacture chocolate. It is a misnomer to think that chocolate is produced in the growing regions.
Chocolate Production: Roasting, Grinding, and Refining
At the factories, the beans are cleaned and made ready for roasting. Roasting changes the flavor. Many times the same machines are used to roast the cacao beans as are used to roast coffee beans. Cacao beans are not uniform in size, so unlike coffee, where there are a number of different roasts, from light to dark, cacao beans are roasted for an indeterminate amount of time. The chocolate beans can be roasted whole in their shells or cracked into nibs. The beans are primarily made up of fat (55%), protein (12%), fiber (11%), and starch (6%). The roasting process removes unwanted fatty acids while also releasing unique flavor components.The roasted beans are ground and refined to become cocoa liquor, then pressed to separate the solids from the liquor. These solids are the cocoa butter, which at the molecular level resembles lard, and cocoa powder. To make chocolate, the cocoa liquor and cocoa butter are combined with sugar and conched to make dark chocolate. Milk powder is added to make milk chocolate. White chocolate is made without the cocoa liquor but vanilla or artificial vanillin may be added for flavoring. A melangeur, like a conch, can also be used to refine the chocolate; this device is predominantly used in Europe.
Taste and Texture: Snap, Melt, and Flow
Flavor depends on origin, drying, and roasting. There are many opinions regarding the best tasting chocolate. Americans tend to like Hershey’s over any other type, whereas Europeans prefer European chocolate from Switzerland or Belgium. There are more than fifty chocolate flavor molecules. These flavor molecules all depend on the circumstances mentioned above. Chocolate that is not well tempered is hazy in color, chalky in texture, and does not melt in your mouth. Good chocolate shows the properties of snap, melt, and flow. Snap and melt are both a result of fat crystallization, and flow depends on particle size and agglomeration properties.The fats and oils contained in chocolate are a mixture of four triacylglycerols (or fatty acids), originating in the cocoa butter; they are palmitic acid (25%), stearic acid (37%), oleic acid (34%), and linoleic acid (3%). At the molecular level, a chocolate bar is the result of organized crystallization of these acids. When chocolate is melted (37 °C), these acids become disorganized. Therefore it is very important to control the melting point of chocolate. The preferred form for melting chocolate is form V (ß2) (polymorph) (34–35 °C). The result is the formation of heat-stable fat crystals with good melt properties (mouth feel) and gloss. Artisanal chocolatiers typically melt chocolate at 50 °C, move it around on a marble to cool it to 27 °C (form IV), and then reheat the chocolate to 30–32 °C. The result is a stronger form of chocolate.
Chocolate is a distribution of particles, where a good distribution is critical. A particle size larger than 30 µm has a gritty mouth feel. Particles include sugar crystallite, cocoa particles, and cocoa butter. For good flow properties, particle attraction must be held under control. Cocoa butter is hydrophobic; sugar (sucrose) is hydrophilic. Viscosity in chocolate is important, that is why lecithin is added to control viscosity. Lecithin has an end that is hydrophobic (fat soluble) and another end that is hydrophilic (water soluble). Lecithin can hold the particles together properly.
Active Ingredients: Theobromine, Caffeine, Antioxidants
Chocolate contains theobromine and small traces of caffeine. Both caffeine and theobromine act as central nervous system and cardiac muscle stimulants and as diuretics, but the effects of theobromine are very mild. Chocolate also contains antioxidant compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids, and anandamide, a blissful cannabinoid-like chemical. The higher the cocoa content in chocolate the more antioxidants. Therefore white chocolate has no antioxidants and milk chocolate dilutes the power of the antioxidants. The conclusion of Prof. Bernhard’s lecture: “Eat more chocolate, especially dark chocolate.”
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Joseph Erdos
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LIVE on the Martha Stewart Show
September 17, 2008
Today I'm live blogging from the Martha Stewart Show. In New York the show airs on NBC at 11:00 A.M. The show today is all about blogging. Special blogger guests include Perez Hilton, Matt Armendariz from MattBites, Deb Perelman from Smitten Kitchen, Ben Smith and Jonathan Martin from Politico, and Margaret Roach from A Way to Garden. Watch LIVE.

Staff of the show prep the set while Martha's Circle blogger guests take their seats in the audience
Things that happened today on the show:
- Martha introduced blogs: The Bride's Guide, Smitten Kitchen, Cute Overload, and A Year of Mornings
- Perez Hilton gave his 3 blogging tips
- Matt Armendariz from MattBites shared his excellent recipe for alfajores or dulce de leche cookies
- Eddie Ross, a current Top Design contestant, spoke about great ways to repurpose flea market finds like old jewelry and postcards
- Ben Smith and Jonathan Martin of Politico talked about following presidential candidates John McCain and Barack Obama on their campaign trails
- Margaret Roach from A Way to Garden talked about how she provides her ever-growing readership with horticulture how-tos along with wit and humor
- By the end of the show the audience left with free Cute Overload calendars, A Year of Mornings books, and HP Photosmart printers. Woo woo as Margaret likes to say.
I had so much fun today. Thank you to the staff of the show for inviting me to be a part of the audience. For some more information about today's show and for some more great tips on how to start a blog, visit The Martha Blog. Also Margaret Roach will be cosponsoring WordCamp, a one-day workshop coming up in October where bloggers and software developers will lecture about blogging using WordPress.

Martha gets ready for a taping of an upcoming segment for a show featuring the best hot dogs
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Joseph Erdos
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Cherry Tomato Salad
September 14, 2008

Picked up a pint or quart of cherry tomatoes at the greenmarket? Or harvested some from your garden? You could eat them as they are or make something special. What would you make with them?
The tomato plants in my garden have provided for many relatives, friends, and coworkers. With such a surplus we were giving them away as fast as they were growing. Cherry tomatoes, such little bursts of summer freshness, are great for a light salad, combining other vegetables and herbs from the garden like onion, cucumber, and parsley. Great for accompanying grilled meats or roast chicken, this recipe for cherry tomato salad is sure to be a highlight of summer’s end. Make it any time of the year too, but it’s most refreshing when made with perfectly ripened tomatoes.
Cherry Tomato Salad
Tip: Feel free to use any kind of tomatoes available. For a spiced-up version, cilantro can be substituted for parsley.
pint cherry tomatoes, halved
1 small onion, chopped
1 English cucumber, cubed
handful parsley, chopped
3 tablespoons red wine vinegar
3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
sea salt
freshly ground pepper
Combine tomatoes, onions, cucumbers, and parsley; add the vinegar and oil; and season with salt and pepper to taste. Serve chilled or at room temperature. Yield: 6 servings.
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Joseph Erdos
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The New French
September 9, 2008
How new is The New French? Well it’s a new use for a preexisting space that was once Le Gamin. So technically, yes, it’s a new French restaurant where an old one used to be. Many people have asked me how French is it, or is it really French. It’s sort of French. I would say its postcolonial French or cosmopolitan French. Cuisine française du jour? And oh it’s so good!
Meeting a group of my good friends, whom I have known for years, for an early dinner to belatedly semi-celebrate my birthday, we entered the restaurant not knowing quite what to expect. My friends were especially happy, I’m sure, that I didn’t choose a ridiculously expensive restaurant like I usually do. We rarely do French because of the typical price point for French restaurants, but The New French fit nicely within our budgets with the most expensive meal, the halibut, at $24.
The restaurant fits the neighborhood like a glove. It has a low-key vibe, very informal, but still inviting. From outside the restaurant looks bigger, I guess because the vacant space next door almost seems like it's attached to the restaurant. Inside there are mirrors on one wall, which create a bigger visual impact. Most notable are the walls, washed in a warm glowing yellow and scrawled with artistic pen-and-ink-like sketches, the kind of sketches you might have scrawled in the margins of your school notebooks. Here it ends up on the wall. Too bad diners can’t join in (How about a CBGB-like graffiti wall?). The walls made me regret not keeping the notebooks that I filled with my school scrawlings. The chairs are outdoor bistro chairs, the kind made of weatherproof nylon rattan. They’re the same chairs from Le Gamin. It’s a small space, so small that it seems the kitchen could almost spill out of its small opening into the dining room. It’s not unlike one of those kitchens with a cutout for passing food through to the dining room. The wait staff was interesting; not one seemed to be able to pronounce the special of pappardelle. But we ordered it any way. The menus are simply printed on paper, the easier to clean—just throw it away. This is what I like about the place—no fuss. My menu ended up getting soaked from the liter of beer I shared with one friend. A local Brooklyn ale that was very good.
Skipping appetizers, the four of use went right for the entrées. It was hard to choose. The menu had the typical choices you would expect from a French bistro, like steak frites, moules frites, roast chicken, tuna niçoise salad, etc. Too full from lunch, I ordered the signature and namesake item, The New French Salad: a chopped salad of romaine, radicchio, celery, carrots, and multi-colored beets with chunks of gruyère and tossed with red-wine vinaigrette. The vegetables were nicely crisped and fresh. The dressing lent tartness, the radicchio bitterness, and the cheese a nice texture. I was pleasantly surprised and couldn’t finish the large portion. The menu also has other good salads featuring tuna, salmon, and steak. Our vegetarian friend orders the pizza bianco of the day, which was a gruyère and goat cheese, caramelized onion, and red pepper pizza. The pizza was good but appeared to be more of a bruschetta. It was basically half of a baguette sliced lengthwise. It would be easy to re-create it at home. My beer-sharing buddy ordered what probably I could have gone for, if I was in the meat-eating mood: the slow-roasted, chili-and-beer braised pulled pork sandwich on a brioche roll. It was spread with mustard, what the menu names a mustard raita, and served with a mesclun salad, which you can choose to forgo if you're in it for the meat and bread only. It was blissful and my friend inhaled it. Finally my New Zealand–bound friend (see Danielle the Kiwi blog) ordered the special of the day, the unpronounceable pappardelle with a stew of brisket and vegetables. The pasta was perfect and the brisket was tender as could be.
We even made room for dessert, all sharing a ginger and chili crème brûlée with a candle stuck to the plate in small celebration of my birthday. The crème brûlée was great; it was such a nice refresher to have a crème brûlée that wasn't just vanilla.
What makes the menu at The New French so different from the just-so-regular bistros is that it includes foods that you wouldn’t normally think of as French, but if you consider that France, especially Paris, is now a melting pot of different cultures from North Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and Europe, you will realize how fitting the menu is. Notice that at The New French there is pho and vegetable curry on the menu, and that the roast chicken comes with bok choy and the braised lamb with cous cous. Also, notice that the menu features the all-American burger and fries, a meal that is currently becoming chic in Paris. So bring your appetite and go to The New French. I know next time I definitely will!
The New French
522 Hudson Street, near 10th Street
New York, NY 10014
212-807-7357
Open daily for dinner, Monday through Thursday 5 to 11 p.m., Friday and Saturday to 11:30 p.m. and lunch, Monday through Friday 11:30 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Appetizers range in price from $8 to $9 and entrées from $12 to $24.
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Joseph Erdos
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